Why does X20 still sell if P91 replaced it?

Because thousands of turbines and steam lines were built with it. Like-for-like replacement and repair must match the original material — changing to P91 means re-qualifying the whole component.

Grades · Pipe & Tube Steel · X20CrMoV11-1 / 1.4922

X20CrMoV11-1 / 1.4922

Data under review

X20CrMoV11-1 (1.4922) is the 12% chromium martensitic creep steel that carried European steam plant at 540–580 °C for decades before the 9Cr CSEF grades arrived. Huge installed base in turbines, valves and steam lines means it remains a steady maintenance and like-for-like replacement business.

DIN1.4922

AISI— (422 type, near)

CategoryPipe & Tube Steel

Chemical composition

Element	Content (%)
C	0.17–0.24
Si	≤0.50
Mn	≤1.00
P	≤0.025
S	≤0.015
Cr	10.00–12.50
Mo	0.80–1.20
V	0.25–0.35
Ni	0.30–0.80

Weight percent, per the governing standard ranges. Actual values per heat are on the mill certificate.

Properties

Tensile strength	800–950 MPa (quenched & tempered)
Density	7.85 g/cm³
Creep service	Steam plant to ~580 °C — the pre-P91 generation

Heat treatment

Supplied quenched and tempered (austenitize ~1030–1080 °C, temper 700–780 °C). Re-tempering after hot work must respect the original tempering temperature.

Equivalent grades

Standard	Designation
din	1.4922
aisi	— (422 type, near)

Compare side by side: X20CrMoV11-1 / 1.4922 vs P91 / X10CrMoVNb9-1

Equivalents overlap in chemistry and use but are not always identical — see our equivalents guide before substituting in certified designs.

Applications & Processing

Applications: Steam turbine rotors, casings and blades, valve bodies, legacy main-steam pipework, high-temperature bolting (EN 10269).

Processing: Weldable only under full Cr-Mo procedure control with preheat and PWHT; most trade is replacement parts and repair stock rather than new-build.

FAQ

Why does X20 still sell if P91 replaced it?: Because thousands of turbines and steam lines were built with it. Like-for-like replacement and repair must match the original material — changing to P91 means re-qualifying the whole component.

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Source: EN 10269 / EN 10216 published ranges · Last updated 2026-11-03. Data is indicative — verify critical values against the governing standard and mill certificate before use.